Pipelines

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The bottom-line holding in the U.S. Court of Appeals’ recent opinion in Appalachian Voices v. Fed. Energy Reg. Comm’n, No. 24-1094 (June 6, 2025), that FERC was ok when it allowed a pipeline company an extension of time to complete the project isn’t all that surprising. And indeed, it isn’t all that interesting except to you FERC nerds. And were the court to have stopped there, we likely would not have posted this one.

But do yourself a favor and skip the majority opinion (unless, of course, you are a FERC nerd, then by all means don’t skip it), and check out the concurring opinion. Scroll all the way to page 24 of the pdf, where Judge Henderson sums up well the vibe in this case and other similar challenges to not just pipelines, but to pretty much everything.

We have labels for these type of objections, from NIMBY…

Continue Reading Death By A Thousand Days: The Courts “have enabled interest groups to transform the bench into a tool to stymie any new development. It is long past time to correct our mistake.”

A short one from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit.

In Couser v. Shelby County, No. 23-3758 (June 5, 2025), the court held that local ordinances which were adopted after a pipeline company announced plans to build a project to move carbon dioxide across several states (and presumably designed to make it harder, or impossible, to build the pipeline), were preempted by federal and state statutes. 

That’s it. You preemption/home rule mavens can read the opinion for the details which we won’t go into, except to point out what we think is the heart of the matter: 

This court holds that the Counties’ setbacks are safety standards. They apply alike to economically developed and remote areas. This blanket application undercuts aesthetic, land-use, and development rationales. It suggests the effect on safety is not incidental, but rather the “primary motivation.” Texas Midstream, 608 F.3d at 211.

Continue Reading CA8: Local Ordinances Regulating Pipelines Are Preempted By State And Federal Pipeline Law

A short one from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. 

The caption of WBI Energy Transmission, Inc. v. 189.9 rods, No. 24-1693 (Mar. 24, 2025), should tell you that this is a private-delegation federal taking, and indeed it is. Another Natural Gas Act taking by a private pipeline company. 

After WBI and a property owner couldn’t agree on selling a strip of land for a natural gas pipeline, WBI filed a federal condemnation action under the NGA. Eventually the parties settled on the amount of just compensation owing for the land. 

Under North Dakota law, a property owner is entitled to attorneys fees. So the owner here asserted it was entitled to such fees as part of the property. After all, full indemnity is part of its property rights, no? The District Court agreed, concluding that WBI was on the hook. 

If this all sounds…

Continue Reading CA8: Private Delegee Of Federal Eminent Domain Power Does Not Owe Attorneys Fees Even If State Law Requires

As the title should inform you, Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC v. 0.32 Acres of Land, No. 23-1935 (Jan. 27, 2025) is a federal taking. Here, a taking where a private pipeline condemnor is exercising the delegated federal power of eminent domain under the Natural Gas Act.

The issue we’re focusing on in this case is the district court’s exclusion of the property owner’s testimony about the value of her land. As you courtroom lawyers are keenly aware, a judge’s decision to allow or exclude evidence is, generally speaking, a discretionary matter and subject to the very deferential “abuse of discretion” standard of review on appeal.

But here, the Fourth Circuit concluded that the district court abused its discretion. Slip op. at 8. We won’t be going into great detail in this post, but instead urge you to review the opinion starting at page 8. “The threshold for admissibility of…

Continue Reading CA4: Owner With Personal Knowledge Can Testify About Value Of Her Land

With our tongues firmly planted in cheeks, the Planning Chairs for the upcoming 42d edition of this popular and venerable Conference bring you this “breaking news” report from San Diego!

As you know, in addition to being the best nationally-focused conference on the subjects that we love and a venue that is nearly certain to have some of the warmest winter weather in the continental United States, and we went on-location from some of the local highlights: the beaches, Torrey Pines, the Zoo, Balboa Park, the Gaslamp Quarter, and Coronado to name but a few.

More about the Conference here, including registration information.

Here are some of the highlights:

  • Property Rights at the Supreme Court: DeVillier and Sheetz and What’s Next
  • Slow Take: Possession, Rent, Relocation, and Offset
  • The Jury’s View: How Jurors See Your Case
  • From Penn Coal to Penn Central: How to

…
Continue Reading Breaking News: Come Join Us For The 42d ALI-CLE Eminent Domain & Land Valuation Litigation Conference, San Diego, Jan 30-Feb 1

The latest state supreme court decision involving a takings challenge to a statute permitting precondemnation entries, this time from Iowa.

In Summit Carbon Solutions, LLC v. Kasischke, No. 23-1186 (Nov. 22, 2024), the Iowa Supreme Court concluded that, at least on its face, Iowa’s entry statute for hazardous liquid pipelines, which permits entries for land surveys and requires the payment of actual damages, is not a taking of an owner’s right to exclude:

Kasischke recognizes that section 479B.15 requires “[t]he pipeline company [to] pay the actual damages caused by the entry, survey, and examination” but argues that the mere entry onto his property to conduct the survey is itself a taking of his right to exclude all others, for which he is also entitled to just compensation. Kasischke’s constitutional claim fails because the statute did not take away a property right that he owned. Rather, he has…

Continue Reading Iowa: Statute Permitting Precondemnation Surveyor Entry Is “pre-existing limitation on … title”

2025 San Diego

Get ready to join your colleagues and friends in San Diego for the 42d ALI-CLE Eminent Domain & Land Valuation Litigation Conference.

The 41st Conference was in New Orleans. Here’s a report of that event, and here are our reports from prior conferences in Austin and Scottsdale.

Here are some of the highlights of the upcoming Conference:

  • Property Rights at the Supreme Court: DeVillier and Sheetz and What’s Next
  • Slow Take: Possession, Rent, Relocation, and Offset
  • The Jury’s View: How Jurors See Your Case
  • From Penn Coal to Penn Central: How to Prove “Too Far”
  • Leveraging Expertise in Eminent Domain Litigation: Working with Land Planners, Engineers, and Other Predicate Experts
  • Kelo at Twenty: What Changed, What Didn’t, and What’s on the Horizon
  • Viva Las Vegas: How the Nevada Judiciary Upheld Property Rights in 180 Land’s Inverse Condemnation Taking
  • Ethics: Guiding the Trolley: Perspectives on Professional Ethics in

…
Continue Reading Registration For The 42d ALI-CLE Eminent Domain & Land Valuation Litigation Conference Is Underway (Don’t Miss Out!)

Those of you who are students of eminent domain and the public use requirement know that in Berman v. Parker, 348 U.S. 26 (1954), the Court (in)famously held, “when the legislature has spoken, the public interest has been declared in terms well nigh conclusive.”

Not only was the Court in Berman signalling that it was washing its hands of the Public Use Clause, but that case also — less overtly — revealed a shift from examining the use the property was to be put, to the purpose for which the property was being acquired, or as the above quote highlights, where a taking furthers the public interest. (A shift that, if you missed it, the Court confirmed in Midkiff where it held the eminent domain and police powers are “coterminous,” and both are reviewed under the deferential rational basis standard.)

If that wasn’t clear enough, the majority in Kelo…

Continue Reading Nevada: Private-to-Private Takings By Privately-Owned Utilities Are OK, Even Though State Constitution Prohibits “transfer … from one private party to another”

Check out the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit’s opinion in Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC v. 8.37 Acres of Land, No. 23-1532 (May 14, 2024).

The caption tells you it is a federal eminent domain case, specifically the Mountain Valley Pipeline, a very controversial and much-objected-to natural gas pipeline in the Virginias. The issue was one of the amount of compensation.

One appraiser testified to a certain use and a certain high-low range. Another appraiser testified to different uses and a different high-low range. The jury reached a just compensation verdict that wasn’t based on one appraiser’s testimony or the other’s, but on some amalgamation of the two. 

As we know, a oft-applied rule is that a jury’s just comp verdict must be “inside the range of credited testimony.” The trial judge concluded the verdict violated this rule because the jury had apparently picked-and-chosen. Slip op. at…

Continue Reading CA4: Jury Is Free To Cut-And-Paste Various Just Compensation Evidence To Reach A Verdict “Within the range of credited testimony”

ALI-CLE brochure cover page

When it comes to the longstanding ALI-CLE American Law Institute-CLE Eminent Domain and Land Valuation Litigation Conferences, we’re always ready to go. You know that. But this year’s version — the 41st — was buzzing like no other in recent memory.

Maybe it was the New Orleans venue with its atmo, food, and music for our after-class activities, or even the timing (the second-to-last week on the Mardi Gras parade season, and our conference hotel was right on the routes). It might have been the nice weather (oh, it rained buckets one evening, but there wasn’t an ice storm like we experienced in Austin in 2023). Or maybe it was the capacity crowd, and new topics and speakers on the agenda. Or maybe it was just the prospect of seeing our friends and colleagues again after a year.

Here’s a photo essay of some of the Conference highlights.

And…

Continue Reading Pass A Good Time: Our Report From The 41st ALI-CLE Eminent Domain & Land Valuation Litigation Conference, Feb 1-3, 2024, New Orleans